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MLA 9th

Other sources

Artworks

In-text citation

Format

(Last Name)


OR


Last Name's Title of Artwork...

Example

(Williams)


OR


William's Red Landscape piece...

Tips

  • Go to Getting started > In-text citation to view detailed information on in-text citation using MLA.

Artwork in a gallery

Works cited

Format

Last Name, First Name. Title of Artwork. Year of creation, Place viewed, Location.

Example

Williams, Fred. Red Landscape. 1981, National Gallery of Victoria, Melbourne.

Clarke, Maree. Thung-Ung Coorang (Kangaroo Teeth Necklace). 2013, Monash U Collection, Melbourne.

Tips

  • Includes a sculpture / other object, painting, or photograph viewed in-person.
  • “Place viewed” refers to the gallery or institution the artwork is located in.
  • The artwork format can be optionally added in the final supplement element.

Wall text accompanying artwork

Works cited

Format

Wall text for Title of Artwork, by First Name Last Name. Exhibit Title, Exhibit opening-close date, Place viewed, Location.


OR


Wall text for Title of Artwork, by First Name Last Name. Place viewed, Location.

Example

Wall text for Red Landscape, by Fred Williams. National Gallery of Victoria, Melbourne.

Wall text for Symmetry Breakfast, by Michael Zee. FOOD: Bigger than the Plate, 18 May-20 Oct. 2019, Victoria and Albert Museum, London.

Tips

  • If the artwork was part of an exhibit, include the exhibit's name and opening and closing dates.

Reproduction of artwork on a website

Works cited

Format

Last Name, First Name. Title of artwork. Year of creation. Title of webpage, URL.

Example

Uccello, Paolo. The Hunt in the Forest. Circa 1465-70. Ashmolean Museum of Art and Archaeology, www.ashmolean.org/hunt-forest.

Sisley, Alfred. Orchard in Spring. 1881. Classic Art Blog, classicartblog.blogspot.com.

Tips

  • Title of the webpage is usually the museum that holds the artwork.

Theses

In-text citation

Format

(Author's surname Page number)

Example

(Lorentz 88)


OR


Lorentz's analysis of...(88)

Tips

  • Go to Getting started > In-text citation to view detailed information on in-text citation using MLA, including other examples such as multiple authors and translators. Refer to this section to determine when to include/exclude a page(s) number, as it's not always necessary.

Works cited

Format

Print

Last Name, First Name. Title of Thesis. Year. Granting University, description.

Online

Last Name, First Name. Title of Thesis. Year. Granting University, description. Title of database or website, DOI or URL.

Example

Print

Martin, Adrian. Towards a Synthetic Analysis of Film Style. 2006. Monash U, PhD thesis.

Hilder, Cathy. Digital Initiatives Towards Preserving Indigenous Culture in the Northern Territory: A Study of the Recording, Sharing and Preservation of Indigenous Cultural by the Northern Territory Library. 2009. Charles Darwin U, Honours thesis.

Online

Smith, Aisling Nandini. “To You it’s Just Words”: David Foster Wallace’s Fiction and Affect Theory. 2019. Monash U, PhD thesis. Bridges, https://doi.org/10.26180/5cda15c4d5e66.

Lorentz, Jonathan. The Improvisational Process of Saxophonist George Garzone with Analysis of Selected Jazz Solos from 1995-1999. 2008. New York U, PhD thesis. ProQuest, proquest.com/docview/304533513?pq-origsite=primo.

General works cited tips for theses

  • Theses should be cited according to the same conventions as books, with the document type at the end of the citation (e.g. "PhD thesis").
  • If you are citing an undergraduate thesis, be aware that this may not be considered a scholarly source.
  • Terminology for theses varies between countries and institutions. For example, in the United States it is termed a dissertation. Use the terminology provided on the document itself.
  • For a thesis accessed online, include the DOI if it has one, otherwise use the URL.