Subject guides: APA 7th: Other sources

Other sources

For sources not listed here, try searching the APA style and grammar guidelines blog.

Data sets and unpublished raw data

Data sets

Reference list

Format

Author, A. A., & Author, B. B. (Year). Title of data set (Version 1.1) [Data set]. Publisher Name. https://doi.org/xxxxx OR https://xxxxx

Name of Group. (Year). Title of data set. [Data set]. Publisher Name. Retrieved Month DD, YYYY, from https://xxxxx

Example

Aston, L., Currie, G., Delbosc, A., Fournier, N., Kamruzzerman, M., & Teller, D. (2020). Melbourne built environment and transit use empirical dataset (Version 2) [Data set]. Monash University. https://doi.org/10.26180/5d9994f4704ea

Department of Planning and Community Development (Vic). (2015). Projected population by age and sex: Vic RVic MSD 2006–2056 [Data set]. https://bit.ly/2TWzpGm

Unpublished Raw Data

Reference list

Format

Name of Group. (YYYY–YYYY). Title of data set [Unpublished raw data]. Source of Unpublished Data. Retrieved Month DD, YYYY, from https://xxxxx

Example

Kindness Institute. (2019–2020). The importance of kindness during a pandemic: A mixed method study of the effectiveness of local support initiatives in an Australian rural community [Unpublished raw data]. University of the Outback.

Tips

This material includes raw (published) data that is used for data analysis or measurement.
The date for unpublished data is the year(s) of collection.
Include retrieval date only if the data set is designed to change over time.
You may shorten a long URL. Use a site such as Bitly URL Shortener.
For further guidance, see the APA style guide Data Set References.

Dictionaries, encyclopedias

Entire reference work

Reference list

Format

Author/Editor

Author, A. A. or Editor, A. A. (Ed.). (Copyright year). Title of work (xx ed.). Publisher.

Author, A. A. or Editor, A. A. (Ed.). (Copyright year). Title of work (xx ed.). Publisher. https://doi.org/xxxxx OR https://xxxxx

No author or editor

Title of work. (Copyright year). (xx ed.). Publisher.

Example

Author/Editor

Martin, E. A. (Ed.). (2007). Concise colour medical dictionary (4th ed.). Oxford University Press.

Law, J., & Martin, E. (Eds.). (2020). Concise medical dictionary (10th ed.). Oxford Reference. https://doi.org/10.1093/acref/9780198836612.001.0001

No author/Editor

Merriam-Webster's medical desk dictionary. (2005). (Rev. ed.). Merriam-Webster.

Merriam-Webster. (n.d.). Merriam-Webster.com dictionary. Retrieved September 1, 2020, from https://www.merriam-webster.com

Chapter in a book or entry in a reference work

Reference list

Format

Author

Author, A. A. (Copyright year). Title of chapter or entry. In E.E. Editor (Ed.),Title of work (xx ed.,Vol. xx, pp.xxx–xxx). Publisher.

Author, A. A. (Copyright year). Title of chapter or entry. In E.E. Editor (Ed.),Title of work (xx ed.,Vol. xx, pp.xxx–xxx).

No author

Title of entry. (Copyright year). Title of reference work (pp. xxx–xxx). Publisher.

Title of entry. (Copyright year). Title of reference work (pp. xxx–xxx). Publisher. https://doi.org/xxxxx OR https://xxxxx

Example

Author

Dalleck, L. C. (2017). Balance training. In T. Moy (Ed.), The Gale Encyclopedia of Fitness (2nd ed., Vol. 1, pp. 83–86). Gale. https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/CX3663000031/GVRL?u=monash&sid=GVRL&xid=f637eb38

No Author

Fire. (1981). Penguin-Hellenews English-Greek dictionary (p. 313). Hellenews-Paidia.

Merriam-Webster. (n.d.). Social distancing. In Merriam-Webster.com dictionary. Retrieved September 1, 2020, from https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/social%20distancing

Tips

For a print copy indicate edition and number of volumes (if multi-volumes).
Do not indicate edition if it is the first.
For online works, add the DOI or URL at the end of the reference; use the DOI in preference to the URL.
If an online work is updated regularly, include a retrieved from date.
When the author and publisher are the same enter the name only once in the author position.

Legal sources

Before citing legal resources, please refer to your faculty requirements for legal citations (check your assignment instructions or ask the chief examiner for the unit). Legal writing typically uses the AGLC4, which is a footnoting style. You may also need to refer to the Law citing and referencing subject guide for examples of commonly cited Australian legal examples using the AGLC. These examples cite according to AGLC guidelines, while aligning with APA's in-text referencing style.

Cases

In-text citation

Format

Case Name (Year)
Refer to the year in the first citation but it is not required in subsequent citations. Refer to the page or paragraph number if necessary.

Example

Tame v New South Wales (2002)

In the case of Tame v New South Wales (2002) the judge stated . . .

Tips

Go to Getting started > In-text citation to view other examples such as multiple authors.

Reference list

Format

Case Name (Year) Volume Law Report Series Starting Page

Example

Tame v New South Wales (2002) 211 CLR 317

Legislation

In-text citation

Format

Title Year (Jurisdiction)
The year is considered part of the title so it is italicised. Refer to the section or rule number if you need to pinpoint your reference.

Example

The Crimes Act 1958 (Vic) states . . .

The Crimes Act 1958 (Vic, s.3) states . . .

Tips

Go to Getting started > In-text citation to view other examples such as multiple authors.

Reference list

Format

Title Year (Jurisdiction)

Example

Crimes Act 1958 (Vic)

Tips

The following abbreviations should we used for Australian jurisdictions:

United Nations conventions and treaties

In-text citation

Format

(Name of Treaty or Convention, Year)

Name of Treaty or Convention (Year)

Example

(United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child, 1989)

United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (1989)

Reference list

Format

Name of Treaty or Convention, Month Day, Year of signing or approval, https://xxxxx

Example

United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child, November 20, 1989, https://www.ohchr.org/en/professionalinterest/pages/crc.aspx

Patents and standards (technical and accounting)

Patents

In-text citation

Format

(Author’s surname, Year)

Example

This was seen in an Australian study (Couch, 2017).)

Couch (2017) suggests that . . .

Reference list

Format

Patent inventor surname, initials. (Year patent issued). Patent title (Country Patent No.). Name of official source of patent information - usually patent office. https://xxxxx

Example

Calaby, R., & Baker, N. (2016). Solar panel mounting arrangement for an evaporative air conditioner (Australian Patent No. 2016101507). IP Australia. https://pericles.ipaustralia.gov.au/ols/auspat/applicationDetails.do?applicationNo=2016101507

Technical standards

Reference list

Format

Standards Organisation. (Year). Title of standard (Standard number). Publisher (print) OR https://xxxxxx

Example

Standards Australia. (2013). Child restraint systems for use in motor vehicles (AS/NZ 1754:2013). https://www.saiglobal.com

Accounting Standards (AASB, AUASB)

Reference list

Format

Standards Organisation. (Year). Title of standard (Standard number). Publisher (print) OR https://xxxxxx

Example

Australian Accounting Standards Board (2021). Exploration for and evaluation of mineral resources (AASB 6). https://aasb.gov.au/admin/file/content105/c9/AASB6_08-15_COMPmar20_07-21.pdf

Tips

For the year element, use the copyright year, found on the second page of each standard.

Foreign language sources

General tips

Follow the format for the type of source (e.g. journal article, book) you are referencing.
After the title in the given language, include an English translation in square brackets.
Where the publisher does not provide a translation of the title, provide one that captures the meaning of the title.
For a work in a language which does not use the Roman alphabet convert (transliterate) the title and other elements into an alphabetical form. There is no need to include the original script (e.g. in the example below no Japanese characters are included, and all elements are in Roman letters). For further guidance, see When and how to transliterate titles in references.
For sources that are English translations of works in another language, see How to cite translated works.

Format

For a book in a foreign language

Author, A. A. (Copyright year). Title in the foreign language, transliterated if necessary [English translation of title]. Name of publisher.

Example

For a Japanese book

Umesao, T. (1987). Nihon santo-ron: Tokyo, Osaka, Kyoto [On three Japanese cities: Tokyo, Osaka, and Kyoto]. Kadokawa Shoten.