Citing and referencing: Interviews and lectures

A guide to the styles recommended by Monash schools and departments for students and researchers

Interviews / Speeches

Speech, reading, lecture

Format

In person: Presenter's Last Name, First Name. "Title of Presentation". Title of the conference or meeting, Name of the organisation, Date, Venue, City. Format.

Online: Presenter's Last Name, First Name. "Title of Presentation." Name of the Website, Date published online, URL. Format.

Examples

Fensham, Rachel. “'That Primitive Box Space' - Transculturalism and Black Modern Dance." Transcultural. Transnational. Transformation., Australasian Association for Theatre, Drama and Performance Studies Conference, 29 June 2011, Monash University, Clayton, Australia. Address. 

Coetzee, J.M. “He and His Man.” Nobel Prize, 7 Dec. 2003, www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/2003/coetzee/lecture. Speech.

Adichie, Chimamanda Ngozi. “We Should All Be Feminists.” TED Conferences, Dec. 2012, www.ted.com/talks/chimamanda_ngozi_adichie_we_should_all_be_feminists#t-29807. Speech.

Explanation

The format expresses the type of presentation (e.g., Address, Lecture, Reading, Keynote Speech, Guest Lecture, Conference Presentation), for clarity. The format can be listed at the end of the entry.

For speeches attended in person, only name the city if it is not already mentioned in the name of the venue. If the city is obscure, you can add the country as well.


 

Course lecture

Format

Presenter's Last Name, First Name. "Title of Lecture." Name of the learning management system, Date published online, URL. Format.

Examples

Edmonds, Evelyn. "ABC1234 Literary Studies - Week 1 Lecture." Moodle, 16 Apr. 2015, www.lms.monash.edu/. PowerPoint presentation.

Explanation

The URL is to the homepage of the learning system (e.g. Monash Moodle).

It's a good idea to check with your lecturer if this is an appropriate source to use. Most lecturers expect students to use the information in a lecture to locate the original sources.

 

Podcast or radio interview

Format

Podcast: Last Name, First Name of Person interviewed (interviewee). "Title of Interview." Interview conducted by Interviewer's name. Title of Podcast show, episode number, date published, URL.

Radio: Last Name, First Name of person interviewed (interviewee). Title of radio show. Interview conducted by Interviewer's First Name Last Name. Title of radio station, date, year, URL.

Examples

Gordon, Eleanor (interviewee). "Gender Equality in Peacebuilding." Interview conducted by Andrea Thiis-Evensen. The Peace and Gender Podcast, episode 6, 4 Sep. 2018, www.mojonews.com.au/peace-and-gender-peacebuilding-and-the-impact-of-violence.

Beard, Mary (interviewee). "Mary Beard on Women in Academia." A Podcast of One's Own with Julia Gillard, 20 Mar. 2020.

Sarabhai, Mallika and Nithya Nagarajan (interviewees). "Mallika Sarabhai and Nithya Nagarajan on Art as Activism." SmartArts. Interview conducted by Richard Watts. Triple R, 27 Feb 2020, www.rrr.org.au/on-demand/segments/smartarts-mallika-sarabhai-and-nithya-nagarajan-on-art-as-activism.

Page, Stephen (interviewee). "Bangarra's Bold Leader." Interview conducted by Sarah Kanowsky.  Conversations, Aug. 2019, www.abc.net.au/radio/programs/conversations/stephen-page-bangarra-dance-contemporary-dance/12625108.

Explanation

The person being interviewed is to be treated as the author, and the interviewer an additional contributor.

If the name of the person who conducted the interview appears in the work's title, there is no need to include the phrase “interview conducted by...”

If the interview has no title, or the episode is not numbered, simply omit those portions of the citation

 

Online video interviews

Format

Uploaded to a sharing site (e.g. YouTube): Last Name, First Name of person interviewed (interviewee). "Title of Interview." Interview conducted by First name Last name. Title of website, uploaded by Screen name, Upload Date, URL.

Streaming from a library database: Last Name, First Name of person interviewed (interviewee). Title of Interview. Interview conducted by First Name Last NamePublisher/Production Company, Year. Title of Library Database, URL.

Examples

Shaw, Martin (interviewee). "Pandemic and Mythic Meanings of this Cultural Moment." Interview conducted by Ross McKeachie. YouTube, uploaded by Banyen Books and Sound, 3 Apr. 2020, www.youtube.com/watch?v=1Y8h72zelfQ.

Winch, Tara June (interviewee). "Talking Ideas: Tara June Winch in Conversation with Melissa Lucashenko." YouTube, uploaded by statelibraryqld, 1 Aug. 2019, www.youtube.com/watch?v=tG0P5S_E_20.

Streep, Meryl (interviewee). "Meryl Streep Interview - Theatre Vs Film Acting." YouTube, uploaded by Red Carpet News TV, 15 Jan. 2015, www.youtube.com/watch?v=l5Pzyho6784.

Tisdale, Danny (interviewee). Danny Tisdale: An Interview. Video Data Bank, 2007. Kanopy, www.kanopy.com/en/monash/video/126680.

Rizvi, Jamila (interviewee). "Afternoon Tea and Talk with Astrid Edwards and Jamila Rizvi." YouTube, uploaded by State Library Victoria, 10 June 2020, www.youtube.com/watch?v=S2GJsq3M5r0.

Explanation

Treat the interviewee as the author of the work.

If the name of the person who conducted the interview (the interviewer) appears in the work's title, there is no need to include  “interview conducted by...”. See Winch and Rizvi examples.

If the interviewer is not named, simply omit that portion of the citation.

For sources such as YouTube, the screen name is the name of the uploader of the video, replicate it exactly as it appears. It's best to use official uploads for this reason.

 

Unpublished personal interview

Format

Last Name, First Name of person interviewed (interviewee). Format. Interview conducted by First Name Last Name, Date of interview.

Examples

Monroe, Marilyn. E-mail interview. Interview conducted by Joe DiMaggio, 24 Sep. 2015.

Lennon, John. Personal interview. 3 Aug. 2020.

Cromwell, Thomas. Telephone interview. 6 Nov. 2017.

Explanation

To cite an interview that you personally conducted, give the name of the person interviewed, the kind of interview (personal interview, telephone interview), and the date. See second example.

You may include the interviewer's name if known. If you don't know the name of the interviewer, simply omit this portion of the citation.

 

Interview in a book

Format

Print: Last Name, First Name of person interviewed (interviewee). "Title of Interview." Interview conducted by First Name Last Name. Title of Book, edited by Editor's Name(s), Publisher, Year, Page range.

eBook: Last Name, First Name of person interviewed (interviewee). "Title of Interview." Interview conducted by First Name Last Name. Title of Book, edited by Editor's Name(s), Publisher, Year, Page range, Database or Title of website, doi.

Examples

Lee, Ang (interviewee). "Schtick and Seduction." Interview conducted by Graham Fuller. Ang Lee: Interviews, edited by Karla Rae Fuller, UP of Mississippi, 2016, pp. 16-20, ProQuest, ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/monash/reader.action?docID=4438684&ppg=47.

Explanation

If the person who conducted the interview is not named, simply omit that portion of the citation. Similarly if the book does not have an editor, omit that portion.

If no doi is available, use the URL instead.

 

Interview in a journal

Format

Print: Last Name, First Name of person interviewed (interviewee). "Title of Interview." Interview conducted by First Name Last Name, Journal, volume, number, year, page range.

Online: Last Name, First Name of person interviewed (interviewee). "Title of Interview." Interview conducted by First Name Last Name, Journal, volume, number, year, page range. Database, doi.

Examples

Kurosawa, Akira (interviewee). “Making Films for All the People." Interview conducted by Kyoko Hirano, Cinéaste, vol. 14, no. 4, 1986, pp. 23-25. JSTOR, www.jstor.org/stable/41686822.

Explanation

Cite this as you would a journal article. The person interviewed is the author, and the interviewer is named after the title.

If there is no doi, use the URL instead.

 

Interview on a DVD

Format

Last Name, First Name of person interviewed (interviewee). "Title of Interview." Interview conducted by First Name Last Name. Title of DVD, Publisher/Production Company, Year.

Examples

Blanchett, Cate (interviewee). "In Character with: Cate Blanchett." Interview conducted by Simon Roberts. Notes on a Scandal, Fox Searchlight, 2006.

Explanation

Treat the person being interviewed as the author (i.e. list their name first). 

If the interviewer is not named, or is named in the title already, then simply omit that portion of the citation.