Citing and referencing: Patents

[#] A. A. Author, “Title of patent,” Country Patent x xxx xxx, Abbrev. Month, day, year.

Example:

[1] J. Armstrong, “Methods and apparatus for generation and transmission of optical signals," U.S. Patent 7 796 898, Sept., 14, 2010.

All references end with a full stop

If several dates are given, refer to the issued date

Check that you are using the standard abbreviations for journals and periodicals

[#] Name of invention, by A. A. Inventor. (Year, Month Day). Patent Number [Type of Medium]. Available: URL

Example:

[1] Musical toothbrush with adjustable neck and mirror, by L. M. R. Brooks. (1992, May 19). Patent D 326 189 [Online]. Available: https://pdfpiw.uspto.gov/.piw?Docid=D0326189

All references end with a full stop, unless the reference ends with a URL

If several dates are given, refer to the issued date

Check that you are using the standard abbreviations for journals and periodicals